Ku isoko ryibikinisho, hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo gupakira, nk'imifuka ya PP, imifuka ya file, blister, imifuka yimpapuro, agasanduku k'idirishya hamwe nagasanduku kerekana, nibindi. None ni ubuhe bwoko bwo gupakira bwiza? Mubyukuri, niba imifuka ya pulasitike cyangwa firime ya pulasitike itujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa, hari ingaruka zishobora guhungabanya umutekano, nko guhumeka kwabana.
Byumvikane ko hari amabwiriza asobanutse kubyerekeranye n'ubunini bw'ipaki y'ibikinisho mu gitabo cy’ibikinisho by’ibikinisho by’Uburayi EN71-1: 2014 hamwe n’igikinisho cy’ibikinisho by’igihugu cy’Ubushinwa GB6675.1-2014, Nk’uko bivugwa na EU EN71-1, umubyimba wa firime ya pulasitike mu mifuka ugomba ntube munsi ya 0.038mm. Icyakora, mu igenzura rya buri munsi ry’ishami rishinzwe ubugenzuzi n’akato, byagaragaye ko ubunini bw’ibipfunyika ku bikinisho biva mu bigo bimwe na bimwe byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bitageze kuri 0.030mm, bikaviramo ingaruka z’umutekano zishobora kwibukwa n’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Hariho impamvu eshatu zingenzi zitera iyi issiue:
Ubwa mbere, ibigo bifite ubumenyi budahagije bwo gupakira ibisabwa. Ntabwo bisobanutse neza kubijyanye nubuziranenge bwamahanga mubikoresho bipakira, cyane cyane bijyanye nubunini, imipaka yimiti nibindi bisabwa. Ibigo byinshi bitandukanya ibikinisho by ibikinisho n’umutekano w ibikinisho, bizera ko gupakira bidakeneye kubahiriza amabwiriza y ibikinisho.
Icya kabiri, harabura uburyo bwiza bwo gupakira neza. Bitewe n'umwihariko w'ibikoresho byo gupakira, hafi y'ibipfunyika hafi ya byose byoherezwa hanze, bidafite igenzura ryiza kubikoresho fatizo, gukora no kubika ibicuruzwa.
Icya gatatu, kuyobya ibigo bimwe na bimwe by’abandi bipimisha, birengagije gupima ubunini n’ibikoresho byangiza byo gupakira, ibyo bigatuma ibigo bibeshya kwibeshya ko gupakira ibikinisho bitagomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa n’amabwiriza agenga ibikinisho.
Mubyukuri, umutekano wapakira ibikinisho wagiye uhabwa agaciro nibihugu byateye imbere nku Burayi na Amerika. Biramenyerewe kandi kumenyekanisha ricks zitandukanye ziterwa nibintu byangiza cyane nibipimo bifatika bitujuje ibyangombwa mubipakira. Ishami rishinzwe ubugenzuzi n’akato ryibutsa ibigo bikinisha ibikinisho kurushaho kwita ku kugenzura umutekano wapakira. Ibigo bigomba guha agaciro gakomeye umutekano wumubiri nubumashini byo gupakira, kumva neza ibisabwa namategeko n'amabwiriza yo gupakira bitandukanye. Mubyongeyeho, hagomba kubaho uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga ibikoresho.
Mu 2022, amabwiriza ya AGEC y’Abafaransa yasabaga ko bibujijwe gukoresha MOH Oil Amavuta y’amabuye y'agaciro Hydrocarbone） mu gupakira.
Amavuta yubutare Hydrocarbone (MOH) nicyiciro cyimvange zivanze cyane ziterwa no gutandukana kumubiri, guhindura imiti cyangwa kuvoma amavuta ya peteroli. Harimo Ahanini Amavuta Yumucyo Yuzuye Hydrocarbone (MOSH) Igizwe numunyururu ugororotse, iminyururu yamashami nimpeta hamwe namavuta ya minerval Arom igizwe na hydrocarbone ya polyaromatike. Amashanyarazi ya Atic, MOAH).
Amavuta yubutare akoreshwa cyane kandi hafi ya hose mubikorwa no mubuzima, nk'amavuta, amavuta yo kwisiga, umusemburo, hamwe na wino zitandukanye zo gucapa kuri moteri zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha amavuta yubutare nabyo birasanzwe mubikorwa bya buri munsi byimiti nubuhinzi.
Hashingiwe kuri raporo zijyanye no gusuzuma amavuta y’amabuye yatanzwe n’ikigo cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi gishinzwe umutekano mu biribwa (EFSA) muri 2012 na 2019:
MOAH (cyane cyane MOAH ifite impeta 3-7) ifite kanseri ishobora gutera na mutagenicite, ni ukuvuga kanseri ishobora gutera, MOSH izegeranya mubice byumuntu kandi bigira ingaruka mbi kumwijima.
Kugeza ubu, amabwiriza y’Ubufaransa agamije ibikoresho byose bipakira, mu gihe ibindi bihugu nk’Ubusuwisi, Ubudage n’Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byibanze cyane cyane ku biribwa ku mpapuro na wino. Urebye uko iterambere ryifashe, birashoboka kwagura igenzura rya MOH mugihe kizaza, bityo rero kwita cyane kubikorwa byateganijwe nicyo cyemezo cyingenzi mubigo bikinisha.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-20-2022
