Mu isoko ryibikinisho, hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo gupakira, nkumufuka wa PP, imifuka ya Foili, ibibyimba, ibikapu, etc. Noneho ni ubuhe buryo bwo gupakira ari bwiza? Mubyukuri, niba imifuka ya pulasitike cyangwa firime za plastike itujuje ibisabwa bisanzwe, hariho ibyago byumutekano, nko guhumeka kwumwana.
Byumvikane ko hari amategeko asobanutse neza yo gupakira ibikinisho muri EU igikinisho EN71-1: 2014 n'ubushinwa bw'igihugu mu Bushinwa mu mifuka ntibigomba kuba munsi ya 0.038m. Icyakora, mu bugenzuzi bwa buri munsi ishami ry'ubugenzuzi n'ishami rya katentine, byagaragaye ko ubunini bwo gupakira igikinisho buva mu bigo byoherezwa mu mahanga bitageze kuri 0.030mm, byatewe n'ibihugu by'Uburayi. Hariho impamvu eshatu zingenzi zibiti:
Ubwa mbere, imishinga ifite ubumenyi budahagije bwo gupakira ibisabwa. Ntibisobanutse neza muburyo bw'amahanga kubikoresho bipakira, cyane cyane bifitanye isano n'ubunini, imiti ntarengwa nibindi bisabwa. Ibigo byinshi bitandukanye gupakira igikinisho bivuye mu mutekano wo gukina, kwizera ko gupakira bidakenewe kubahiriza amabwiriza n'ibikinisho n'amabwiriza.
Icya kabiri, hari kubura uburyo bwo kugenzura neza uburyo bwo gupakira bisobanura. Bitewe nuburyo bwibipakira, ibipfukisho bya bose birarenze, bidafite ubushobozi bwiza kubikoresho fatizo, gukora no kubika ibikoresho.
Icya gatatu, kuyobya ibigo bimwe na kimwe cyo kugerageza kwipimisha abantu, birengagijwe kugerageza ubugari n'ibikoresho bishobora guteza akaga, bikaba bitera imishinga yo kwibeshya gutekereza ko ibiyobyabwenge bitagomba kubahiriza ibiyobyabwenge.
Mubyukuri, umutekano wibikinisho byabashukishe byahoraga bifite agaciro nibihugu byateye imbere nka Burayi na Amerika. Birasanzwe kandi gutanga raporo yinyenzi zitandukanye ziterwa nibintu bikabije kandi ibipimo bifatika bizima mugupakira. Kubwibyo, ishami rishinzwe kugenzura no mu kato ryibutsa imishinga y'igikinisho kwitondera kurushaho kugenzura umutekano wo gupakira. Ibigo bigomba guha agaciro gakomeye umutekano wumubiri nudushisha kubipakira, sobanukirwa neza ibisabwa n'amategeko namabwiriza kubipfunyika bitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, hagomba kubaho sisitemu yo gucunga neza.
Muri 2022, amabwiriza ya gahunda yubufaransa yasabye ko ikoreshwa rya MoH (Hordral Amavuta yamavuta) yo gupakira arabujijwe.
Amashanyarazi ya manani y'amavuta (MoH) ni icyiciro cyivanga cyane zivanze zidasanzwe ziterwa no gutandukana kumubiri, guhindura imiti cyangwa imiti ya peteroli amavuta ya peteroli. Harimo ahanini na peteroli yuzuye hydrocarbone (Mosh) igizwe n'iminyururu igororotse, iminyururu ishami n'impeta na moteri ya minerval air igizwe na hydrocarbone. Atike hydrocarbone, Moah).
Amavuta mabuye yakoreshejwe cyane kandi ni hafi gusa mubyasaruro nubuzima, nkibihimbano, amavuta, ibisasu, hamwe na wino zitandukanye zo gucapa moteri zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, gushyira mu bikorwa amavuta maremateri nabyo birasanzwe kandi mu musaruro wa buri munsi n'umusaruro w'ubuhinzi.
Ukurikije raporo z'isuzuma ryamavuta ya moteri yubuseri bwamavuta yatanzwe n'ikigo nderagura cy'ibiryo (EFSA) muri 2012 na 2019:
Moah (cyane cyane Moah hamwe nimpeta 3-7) ifite karcinogentity ya 3-7) ifite karcinimogentity cyangwa kwanguse, ni ukuvuga kanseri, urusenda ruzateranya mumyizerere y'abantu kandi rugira ingaruka mbi ku mwijima.
Kugeza ubu, amabwiriza y'Abafaransa agamije ibintu byose byo gupakira, mu gihe ibindi bihugu nk'Ubusuwisi, Ubudage ndetse n'umuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi n'inzego z'umuryango w'uburayi bigamije guhura n'impapuro na wino. Gucira urubanza rushingiye ku iterambere, birashoboka kwagura igenzura rya Moh mugihe kizaza, bityo rero kwitondera cyane iterambere rishinzwe kugenzura ni urugero rwingenzi kubigo byibikinisho.
